Directness

Directness means saying something very clearly

What  am I writing about?  This question can help decide how direct we  Need to be.

Requests

If we are making a request and we think the answer will be yes we can be direct.

If we are making a request,  And  We don't know what the answer will be, We should be indirect.

If we are making a request and it's something  Routine,  Normal,  or not special, We can be direct.

If we are making a request and  It's something special or not routine we should be indirect.

Suggestions

If we are making a suggestion and we think it will be acceptable, we can be direct.

For making a suggestion and we  Don't know it will be acceptable, we should be in direct.

Opinion

If we are giving a positive opinion, we can be direct.  A  Negative one should be in direct.

ANSWERS

If we are answering a request or a suggestion positively, we can be direct.

News

If we are giving good news, we can be direct

怎样实现直接或间接?

Changing the grammar or structure can change how direct or indirect we are.

Let's meet for coffee( Direct)

Do you want to meet for coffee?( In direct)

I wonder if you can attend the meeting.

I was wondering if you could attend the meeting.( More indirect)

The second one uses the past forms,  Was wondering and could instead of wonder and can.  When we are making requests and offers of using verbs like wonder or  Think,  Using past forms can make something sound more indirect,  But we are still talking about the present time.

You didn't tell me the meeting was cancelled.( Direct)

I wasn't told the meeting was cancelled.( Indirect)

I will be late.( Direct)

I might be a little late.( Indirect)

Using might and softeners柔软剂 like a little, a bit,  Or slightly,  can help avoid being too direct.

Can you give me the document?( Direct)

Is it possible for you to give me the document?( Indirect)

By making the sentence longer we can sound more indirect.

In summary

Use yes /no questions.

Use past forms: could would ,wondered, was wondering, thought in request or  Invitations.

Use  Passives被动语态 and avoid you.

Use  Softeners like a little, a bit

Make the sentence longer.